Medicinal plants also called medicinal herbs have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Plants synthesise hundreds of chemical compounds for functions including defence against insects fungi diseases and herbivorous mammals. Numerous phytochemicals with potential or established biological activity have been identified. However since a single plant contains widely diverse phytochemicals the effects of using a whole plant as medicine are uncertain. Further the phytochemical content and pharmacological actions if any of many plants having medicinal potential remain unassessed by rigorous scientific research to define efficacy and safety. In the United States over the period 1999 to 2012 despite several hundred applications for new drug status only two botanical drug candidates had sufficient evidence of medicinal value to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration.

herbal medicines are naturally occurring plant-derived substances that are used to treat illnesses within local or regional healing practices. these products are complex mixtures of organic chemicals that may come from any raw or processed part of a plant.

herbal medicine has its roots in every culture around the world. there are many different systems of traditional medicine and the philosophy and practices of each are influenced by social conditions environment and geographic location but these systems all agree on a holistic approach to life. well-known systems of herbal medicine like traditional chinese medicine and ayurvedic medicine believe in the central idea that there should be an emphasis on health rather than on disease. by using healing herbs people can thrive and focus on their overall conditions rather than on a particular ailment that typically arises from a lack of equilibrium of the mind body and environment.

although botanical medicine has been practiced for thousands of years it continues to be of use in the modern western world. the world health organization recently estimated that 80 percent of people worldwide rely on herbal medicines for some part of their primary health care and the worldwide annual market for these products is approaching $60 billion. people in the united states have become more interested in herbal medicine because of the rising cost of prescription medication and the returning interest in natural or organic remedies.

whole herbs contain many ingredients that are used to treat diseases and relieve symptoms. herbal medicine also called botanical medicine uses the plant’s seeds berries roots leaves bark or flowers for medicinal purposes. the biological properties of these plants have beneficial effects. other factors are responsible for their benefits as well such as the type of environment in which the plant grew the way in which it was harvested and how it was processed. the plant is either sold raw or as extracts where it’s macerated with water alcohol or other solvents to extract some of the chemicals. the resulting products contain dozens of chemicals including fatty acids sterols alkaloids flavonoids glycosides saponins and others.

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